Presentación

[justify]El Instituto GeoGebra de Uruguay está integrado por docentes de matemática de educación media, de formación de profesores y estudiantes de profesorado. Buscamos ser un apoyo a la comunidad de GeoGebra de Uruguay, a través de la organización de talleres, cursos y materiales que faciliten la incorporación de GeoGebra a las aulas de matemática. Estamos particularmente interesados en la reflexión didáctica asociada a la enseñanza de la matemática con GeoGebra.[/justify]
Este taller
[justify]En este taller se mostrarán algunos ejemplos del uso de GeoGebra para modelar algunos objetos de la "vida real" y también dado un conjunto de datos se podrá modelizar con alguna función.[/justify]

Model from an image

[justify]One of the ways in which you can do the Maths internal assessment is looking for a Maths model of something in real life, in this case we will use a mixture of Maths and architecture because we are going to look for a model that fits the roof of aeropuerto internacional de Carrasco. [br][br]So first create a [b]word document[/b] with the title Maths Project "Aeropuerto de Carrasco" and create an introduction explaining what are you going to do. [br][br]As we said a Maths internal is not only doing calculations so you must create an introduction explaining that you are going to find a model for the roof of the airport maybe because you want to see if it was done following a maths model or maybe because you are fascinated about architecture but you must find a reason to do so in other to give coherence to your internal assessment. [br][br]Create the introduction explaining what you are going to do, find an aim for that to be done.[br]Introduce a picture of the aeropuerto, give some information about it.[br][br]Then continue below...[/justify]
[justify]In the following applet:[br]Insert 7 points in the roof of the aeropuerto. You must use the tool [icon]/images/ggb/toolbar/mode_point.png[/icon] (firs click on the picture, one example is done)[br]Then looking at the x and y coordinates in the algebra view copy them in the spreadsheet alongside.[br][br]The x-coordinate in column A and the y-coordinate in column B. (an example has been done)[/justify][br]
Then select the two culumns (A and B) and press the tool [icon]/images/ggb/toolbar/mode_twovarstats.png[/icon](two variable analysis)[br]Select the regression model that you think will be the best fit for this roof.[br][br]Now introduce the algebraic model that GeoGebra found to check if the model really fits. Be careful to input the model as a function: use [math]f\left(x\right)=[/math] instead of y=.
You should get something similar to this.
[justify]Obviously there is a way of getting the model that does not requires the software. Once we have some coordinates of the points we can find the model by some algebraic means. [br][br]For example if we think of a third degree function we could have used simultaneous equations to obtain the coefficients. [br][br]Also we can use the vertex form of the equation. Estimate the vertex, fin any other point and we one simple equation we have to model. Remember the vertex form is [math]f\left(x\right)=a\left(x-h\right)^2+k[/math] being [math]h[/math] and [math]k[/math] the coordinates of the vertex. [br][br]An example of this:[br][br]Estimated vertex: (7.15,1.67)[br][br]Another point in the graph: (1.72, 1.16)[br][br][math]f\left(x\right)=a\left(x-h\right)^2+k[/math][br][br]Substitute vertex coordinates: [br][br] [math]f\left(x\right)=a\left(x-7.15\right)^2+1.67[/math][br][br]Substitute coordinates of point C:[br][br][math]1.16=a\left(1.72-7.15\right)^2+1.67[/math][br][br][br]Solve equation to get [math]a[/math]:[br][math]1.16-1.67=a\left(1.72-7.15\right)^2[/math][br][math]-\frac{0.51}{\left(1.72-7.15\right)^2}=a[/math][br][br][math]-0.0173\approx a[/math][br][br][br][math]Model:f\left(x\right)=-0.0173\left(x-7.15\right)^2+1.67[/math][/justify]
This model looks like this.
[justify][b]Continue the WORD document:[/b][br][br]Explain the equations or the process you did to find the model, put every equation in maths format using the equation editor. Put a picture to show how you model fitted the roof. [br][br]Be sure to include all details about the process.[/justify]
More maths in the internal.
[justify]To include and use in a very good way some more of the maths seen in this course we are going to use integrals to find the area under this curve. This obviously must be justified in the aim of the project. For example we are going to calculate the area to see how many square meters of glass will be needed to close the front of the airport. [br][br]To calculate the integral we must find the roots of the function because in this case, the picture was uploaded in a clever way fitting it in the x-axis so now calculations are a little bit more easy. [br][br]In the input bar write: 'roots' or 'raíces' depending on the language. Then introduce the required data and you will have the roots. (In the real internal assessment you will have to do this algebraically.)[br][br]Then in the input bar write: 'integral' and complete the data required. You will now notice that GeoGebra has calculated the area below the curve. So we can use that data in our project. (Latter in this course you will be able to calculate this algebraically with no need of this software.[br][br][b]Continue the WORD doc:[br][br][/b]Complete the word with this picture, the new calculations, why was this done? what it means? how this helps you to do the project, etc.[br][br]Now think about the scale of this project. Are you using the real scale? how can you arrange it to fit reality?[br][br]Create a final [b]conclusion [/b]of what you did so far, does this model present some limitations? which limitations? can it be improved? how? did you applied maths? how? [/justify]

Modelar un conjunto de datos.

Existen varias maneras de modelar un conjunto de datos. En este capítulo veremos como GeoGebra tiene potentes herramientas para modelar un conjunto de datos y como integrar esto en nuestros cursos.
Comenzamos trabajado...
En el applet que está debajo aparecen las cotizaciones de el Dolar referente al Peso Uruguayo en los meses que se indican.[br][br]Selecciona las columnas B y C y luego selecciona CREA > LISTA DE PUNTOS. Aparecerán los puntos de coordenadas [math]\left(B_i,C_i\right);i=1\cdots14[/math][br][br]¿Qué modelo matemático te parece que se adapta más a esta lista de datos?[br][br]Selecciona otra vez las columnas B y C y con la herramienta [icon]/images/ggb/toolbar/mode_twovarstats.png[/icon] busca el modelo que te parezca más adecuado.[br][br]Ahora copia ese modelo en la barra de entrada y verifica que se adapte a los datos.
Preguntas:
Predice el tipo de cambio en Diciembre 2016. [br]
Comenta sobre las limitaciones del modelo.
Ahora busca un modelo con la función seno: ([math]Asen\left(Bx-C\right)+D[/math] ) para estos datos. Utiliza las coordenadas que ofrece GeoGebra pero NO las herramientas de GeoGebra para el análisis de datos.[br][br]Introduce el modelo aquí debajo y pruebalo en el applet de arriba.
En julio 2016 el tipo de cambio ¿Crece o decrece?[br][br]Calcula la velocidad de Crecimiento/decrecimiento en julio 2016.

Puente Vecchio.

Busca una imagen del puente Vecchio en Florencia, Italia[br][br]Inserta la imagen en GeoGebra y ubícala de manera que sea conveniente para trabajar con ella. Herramienta: [icon]/images/ggb/toolbar/mode_image.png[/icon] [br][br]Ponla como imagen de fondo. (propiedades de la imagen)[br][br]Busca un modelo para el arco central y encuentra el área que debe tener una bandera para cubrir ese arco.[br][br]Sabiendo que en la realidad ese arco central mide 30 metros en su parte más ancha calcula el área de la bandera a escala real.
Escribe debajo el modelo utilizado

Ejemplos del trabajo de estudiantes.

Monumento a Batlle
Cumpleaños
Marco de Iglesia
Wembley
Pobreza
Puente
30 St Mary Axe
Zentrum Paul Klee
[b][i][color=#0000ff][size=200][br][br][br]MUCHAS GRACIAS ![/size][/color][/i][/b]

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