[br]Up to this point, you've studied the properties of lines, but only as [color=#0000ff]single[/color] lines.[br][br]In this lesson, you'll learn about the properties of [color=#0000ff]pairs[/color] of lines. In particular, you'll look at the behavior of [color=#0000ff]parallel lines[/color] and [color=#0000ff]perpendicular lines[/color] as they dance across the Cartesian plane.
[color=#000000]The following applet demonstrates a property that [/color][color=#0000ff]parallel lines[/color][color=#000000] have when they're drawn in the Cartesian plane. Watch how the pair moves as you drag the [/color][color=#3d85c6][b]haloed [/b][/color][color=#1e84cc][b]blue point[/b][/color] from quadrant to quadrant.[color=#000000][br] Be sure to move the [color=#1e84cc][b]blue points[/b][/color] around quite a bit! [/color]
[color=#0000ff][b]QUESTION[/b][/color][color=#000000][b]:[/b] What can you conclude about parallel lines drawn in the coordinate plane? Pay particular attention to the [/color][b][color=#3d85c6]blue dots[/color][/b][color=#000000] and the [/color][b][color=#ff0000]red triangles[/color].[/b]
They have the same slopes but different y-intercepts. In symbols, [b][color=#6aa84f]m₁ = m₂[/color][/b].
[color=#000000][br]This applet demonstrates a property that [/color][color=#0000ff]perpendicular lines[/color][color=#000000] have when they're drawn in the Cartesian plane. [br][br]Be sure to move the points around quite a bit and observe carefully as you do! [/color]
[b][color=#0000ff]QUESTION:[/color][/b] What can you conclude about perpendicular lines that are drawn in the coordinate plane? [br](Assume the lines are not aligned horizontally and vertically).
Other than the case of horizontal and vertical lines, if two lines are drawn in the coordinate plane, then their slopes are always negative reciprocals of each other [b][color=#6aa84f](m₂ = -1/m₁ [i]or[/i] [/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f]m[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f]₁[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f] = -1/m[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f]₂[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f])[/color][/b]. Another way of expressing this fact is that their slopes always multiply to -1 [b][color=#6aa84f](m[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f]₁[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f]m[/color][/b][b][color=#6aa84f]₂ = -1)[/color][/b].
[br]The applet below will drill you on finding the equation of a line[color=#0000ff] parallel[/color] or [color=#0000ff]perpendicular[/color] to a given line and passing through a given point.[br][br]You already have a point. You can get the slope from the given line. So you can use the [color=#0000ff]POINT-SLOPE FORM[/color] of the line to get started. Just make sure you use the correct slope in getting the equation of the line you want. Keep the relationships you discovered earlier in mind.[br]
[br]Next time, we'll look at more pairs of lines.[br][br]So what's your biggest takeaway for this lesson?