[size=200][b][color=#cc4125]Ratios[/color][/b][/size]

[size=150][b][color=#0000ff]There are four cupcakes for two boys. How many cupcakes does each boy get? Each boy gets two cupcakes. If we had 3 boys and 6 cupcakes, each boy would still get 2 cupcakes because all the ratios can be reduced to 2:1. All the ratios, 2:1, 4:2 and 6:3 are equal. [/color][/b][/size]

[b][color=#ff0000][size=150]Let's say I hired you to pour a sidewalk from my doorway to my driveway. The directions on the bag of powder cement you bought says you will need to make a mixture of water, sand and cement powder. For every 2 bags of cement, you will need to add 4 bags of sand. [/size][/color][/b]

[b][color=#351c75][size=150]I could make a smaller batch of cement mixture by using one bucket of cement powder and two buckets of sand. [/size][/color][/b]

[size=200][b][color=#a61c00]Proportions[/color][/b][/size]

[size=150][b][color=#1155cc]A proportion is the number of parts to a whole. For example, in order to make one batch of cement mixture I need 2 buckets of cement powder and 4 buckets of sand. [br] one whole batch = 2:4[br]The powder and sand are the parts that make up the whole batch of cement mixture. [/color][/b][/size]

[b][size=200][color=#cc4125]Dilation[/color][/size][/b]

[size=150][b][color=#ff0000]Notice that when the scale factor is less than one (SF < 1), the image gets smaller. When the scale factor is greater than one (SF > 1), the image gets larger. When the scale factor is equal to 1 (SF = 1), the image is the same size. [/color][/b][/size]

[size=200][color=#a61c00][b]Scale Factor[/b][/color][/size]