MATHEMATICS[br]- Using concepts of angle and measure angles.[br]- Using concepts of the circle.[br]- Using concepts of geometry transformation.[br][br]SCIENCE[br]- Understanding motion and forces.[br]- Identifying aspects of a prototype that can be improved.[br][br]TECHNOLOGY[br]- Developing an understanding of the connections between technologies and other fields.[br][br]ENGINEERING[br]- Developing understanding of engineering design process in designing a robotic arm.[br]

Students are able to:[br]- discover relationships between the length and the angle of a robotic arm and the level of difficulty to grab objects.[br]- identify the important component of a robotic arm mathematically.[br]- collaborate with their peers in designing a robotic arm.[br]- design, build, test, evaluate, and modify designs based on how well they meet performance criteria and constraints.

Activity 1: 2 x 40 minutes[br]Activity 2: 4 x 40 minutes

In this activity you are going to explore, design, collaborate with your friends to discuss the Mathematics Robo Arm Projects. [br][br]Think about the following questions.[br][br]Who has heard of robotic arms?[br]What do they consist of?[br]What are robotics arms used for?[br][br]How can we use our knowledge of science and mathematics, technology, and engineering design process to design robotic arms that meet performance criteria and constraints?

You will have 2 x 40 minutes to finish the following activities.

Robotic Arms[br][br]Have you ever heard about a spacecraft equipped called Robotic Arms which could help NASA to explore places that humans cannot visit such as Mars?[br]Another interesting question is that why does NASA need robotic arms. Not only in space robotic arms are also really important to help people who live on earth. Robotic arms are really significant to help someone who wants to move heavy equipment. Therefore, robotic arms are important in space as well as on earth.[br][br]The following pictures are examples of robotic arms. Observe the interesting parts of the robotic arms machines.

Robotic arms machines are inspired by human arms. Look at your arms which are covered in skin. Look at your arms once again, which parts of your arms allow the movement happened?[br][br]If your answers are muscles and bones, so you are correct. [br]The first activity below is related to human arms. Try to design a human arm then think about the design mathematically.

In these activities, we challenge you to investigate the work of robotic arms mathematically and design a Robo Arm that you can use to grab something.[br]The following is the simulation of robotic arms. Let say ABC is the robotic arm.

Below is the design, how the movement of the robotic arms works. Learn from the following applet to help you invent your own design later on. [br][br]ABC is a robotic arm. Given also three circles white, red, and blue. Find the relationship between the circles and the robotic arm.

Manipulate the following simulation then try to identify how will you connect the components of robotic arms so they pivot efficiently?

You will have 4 x 40 minutes to finish the following activities.

After manipulating the previous simulator, try to reflect on what can you adapt to your own robotic arms. Try to identify which sections should move freely and do not need to move freely.[br]Try to identify how to make the robotic arm move in the right direction and meet the performance criteria.[br]This is group work, so kindly collaborate with your peers to deal with this problem.[br][br]Draw out your best robotic arm design. [br]Be sure to label the components. Use ruler and protractor to draw, in particular for drawing components that need measurements such as length and angle.

The robotic arms, consist of the following components:[br]1. Shoulder[br]2. Elbow[br]3. Wrist[br]4. Gripper[br]5. meet the performance criteria which can use to grab the pink ball

How well your robotic arms work?

https://www.stem.org.uk/resources/elibrary/resource/448467/robotic-arm[br]https://tryengineering.org/teacher/build-your-own-robot-arm/#curriculum-alignment[br]https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/teach/activity/robotic-arm-challenge/