[justify] Diversas situações do cotidiano podem ser descritas por meio da função afim, uma vez que envolvem a relação entre duas grandezas cuja variação ocorre de forma linear. [br] Em contextos como a cobrança de serviços, a formação de preços ou o cálculo de custos, é comum a presença de uma parte fixa associada a uma parcela variável, dependente de determinada quantidade. [br] Nesse sentido, a função afim constitui um importante instrumento matemático para modelar, analisar e interpretar tais situações, possibilitando a previsão de resultados e a tomada de decisões[br]fundamentadas.[br] A seguir, serão apresentados problemas que evidenciam a aplicação da função afim em diferentes contextos do cotidiano.[/justify][b][u]Problema 1[/u][/b][br] [br] Todos os anos, Lucas participa de um campeonato de jogos online. Para competir, ele precisa pagar uma taxa de inscrição e adquirir alguns acessórios, totalizando R$ 1.800,00. Além disso, paga R$ 90,00 por dia para acessar uma arena gamer.[br] Considerando apenas esses valores, quanto Lucas gastará ao participar do campeonato durante 5 dias?  Nessa situação, há:[list][*]um [b]gasto fixo[/b] de R$ 1.800,00; [/*][*]um [b]gasto variável[/b], que depende da quantidade de dias. [/*][/list] Assim, o valor total pode ser calculado por: [b]Valor total =gasto fixo + gasto variável[/b][br] Calculando para 5 dias:[br][br][center][b][img width=323,height=18]data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZQAAAAXCAYAAAAslrliAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAlwSFlzAAASdAAAEnQB3mYfeAAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAABMFSURBVHhe7V1PbBvXmf9m5OMCznXL3MzhwrJOBRRAlI5bqyR7yCVaQD4oQCvKp3AUWD00Wkqk5Uu9a1E+iVSBRofKqJJiXUAkk1xjssAqBwFVJIhUblXPlQGfCs7s73vzhzPDoTgkJVnezACBI+t7b97ve998/9/zrVwuR+ETciDkQMiBkAMhB4blwK1hJwjHhxwIORByIORAyAHmQGhQQjkIORByIORAyIFL4UBoUC6FjeEkIQdCDoQcCDkQGpRQBm4sB7LZWb268ZTWdkdpuZah/XxeurGLNRc2e/tML6eKdL6Tl2Zvf63PHc3Q8hLWjp9v+trD9bU5gH3UyqlNKROV5Hw+r//YePPg9lmrnNyU//VAGjk+zmtB8V+qQRk/W9GThwVq4uPfeQc+/qBMetu4Zsdv60/Xdml0uyYUlXfds+Nn+txaiep16zdxShe2KXK+46JlBb2xMEdqySCMxwu0vN2p7ILSBeXfIHRiDZMK7c5UaLuWcMmTwQ+VTBgAkqbKdrFDaV8ljuzsbX1SUclmuQlyheJUSBk/7JxPS7Ul0ifnJmlsuaZH9t+eUZn94D3t6eM/SixDapTknEdJzn5wps09LkleGSqpUTmXaytU8FSDDEleGUpgTqfiFXQPP5bUYq0ta59nKKG46QaRjUHGwLhrsUWSnp28IlVpGwnsozYVW5Rquttm8D6uJ91vYkzPTUxMHY+v02fAlHTMN8ja+hnDazitlqX/erJIpZpOYtXxeVr/vOjGlX3QOq3uyX50EYeRyD643ZpSFuVg+B+0nj+ck9VSjZhdFv43jvluCWVZwgep44P0MQJvW5n2w+z/b7TZ2XF9YS5Jygojwx5FifY9INkLViD46UqTpvcNA8IGRkkqFC809WnTqFgKWiUYfL1G0dMqbWDupHLEe69bex+ULgivrbmOlnXqR5m2jQkwYf07+TZqC28BeHPAK6KYBQU46MpwXIQ1XenEBqNvD8nvnEu17RkYn0kabdZ0P4cgCC8HpcnOfqAtzCUkW4budM40+x6UbYKkefC0noABgbGBDGmxlCLFCw1tRc0KoyKMxFRMUvV1amg1Un5gGUoJGSprRS2bzQqj4qZ7ZdB9DLoY023adEEwWXMdfdaiUkLqMISB5hBG4y+Srk90JU+XNSol3fO/fvGYrJ0UxkRgf0Yn2rfA9BU9B6ZfxI5pr09MQdbcjaaaVij1O6Jf7TVISyoynVZbD2Mp6dMYUQx7cDebHTnO57XqQpRSWwbdH98cjHz003/550MlJTPdXqvYuisbdNZ70uUW/fsb2RWNMP7XJkEWBur5lCIL/C0n/iPXfLcSH6aJSiV6WS1SxIMim4VCg4qKw+W6CRFHFopSSh5SoenvqV+0UcOMHUYABh0rPOCnDUQQOi2VJwnOcMdjKF5Ym3QFCrsdjezsR6RKmvTkbhnefVYXe1d9Smod3nOzHT1ml9O6mvTsfVC6QYEFGSfWAANai8LJaQ8w5BG+Y6FJ5ybefB5GpVjR06UkrW0s0bRFfhNwmGtho7JdIF2Z20D0bu5HED4MSZOdfU+bfHoiWTIU85chbWNyVdLTZShUBYYjJ5xeyJBcnicttVuRGlpGU6SsTNUFWqxPUOHkE4pJiHJ29vXs8ry2mCpJf65uUiopkTiEAN530H3mpCOD7hoeyIz2UE5J9+bnqVY6HPyNQp4m6NlJhhQJEQ5jBybVxn59mGi+TFvYq/eNKFN+tD6hlRa3JNbhP3vjgMh0MCbvHx9r+WMaWVqfaIFOfvnVJuj6zMBWfyv2lPEffCmNvDje14C/tZhyz3eLEktUiJdIfVmlnNeiVF9SSYTwUaRaBt+LcGT/HGAlNI39QO6dlNtGZNv3MxazHYHqyxKGpynmjHISH+JvSlRy7H1Qur7XEnCAFZ2wkeyImE8bxCphzAWCJ1ZoNA6/yGFA3zYOL9xoaobi6i6VTzMBOTE8WX7nH7ItQ+8Re6N9ahFmtkIxGcYDEcr4GWRIT5MSlYRAClsPGZqnLSr9uUqwKEKrCt4LOvzhoEuDruigGx5h7xmqC0k6XG/Qt7H/pi147IM+FiYWPfsR38/1Ytp/Pyev0ndgPv4zn2jsHv7vLy5o+5HciKA7bv/1ndgYBMBNF5QfjF/HTscQ4b5BNkBsPu+9hL1/+RVtwZKxk3CLPbzZmbiuqi9p3Cf1wR82h+l2KsSRNPYL970LNCIDVmbW406viZQaVag5ugYvnCf3T78xHZxT8SAHyn/o7KnaKZ0L3nPR2EFxBd2Iq6QT3rmIMpJ0VmkiR+9Iea1wNJLA3u2THcnER6F6O9NmdNig2WJWj9IpiYinB92VRqunZdqFGKSXE1ioJ8EXjdEY1n/YOO2Ipp18Dor3SnF4Nz6aopm4Srvl03YUdZXCEXBuyJCc/U9ED4kkUl5IbyUQpVgpr9W4tH6SILVIlCVOdyGSMWWjY/rDJtJghEhmlkCHj5Nlzcd+2XRGeizgMgcig+7Rpr4pSL/fxEq+GmgKMchId61KFL8rvp9O7A1gT4go7qox+b2++j9sKefpQ3wyIvBwRPVOessofPhzid7I3em87zDSXasyTWBPMf+Bl+B74C9mWgeSNCKK8ob3pLpTBo4PO5tQRIGUc+E5s7Bo5LInOf3UNS/MNBKcFqTy7WKyMCCSSFu1xyFdoaBAzLl9/sjhmXbwDRZX0iuelJcZNvV6z/4O+Y515vj7wdVNNI16VBDBZWXff9rOb+Y80lvNSkGfQxGB/UKmEYXhQPMbnn3vJyhd75l6UjSPUOiO0wy+3HOPPcnn9yVkaPWS+pRmmkUhP0YnGBoN2BfpieXycRyuLdBhvaQLPwvNAQU0B/jVSdj4j4+RXj+CE+TNBHiY0pccNVBkR6HbW2TvyWcHQf5/I3KjuqHNJZDIItLYbxMy1DAK2GLu7GyXKU2e9jQNCt3l/elJ18/Ku9Maqa5vpI9ONlkJQn3qLVB3jdAOnzykeKoksPM+rn++6Spy+7/JwC71wDT+txUNdQ/UcHphQyOAyfOghsloKpCk+b0iJTkV18VIG8V3SZ7f26Q3f+rs3GL8h/Xfteq8QWaR31m89195jEa5LOXAZXR5md6T6kgZnJZ38WGniR1F/hhoOseFVXteywjh+/D1Fl35bkdnUqJYIc53uz01zpcP1hnW33vcbBkE10UiwUYv6E02zsJtLzG76PdWtxEsCOXMArww9viKEEFea2eRVxGurJghJXLrbrELavA6kSeKTbQVwICYUerK12dUWJ6BpNapZKb42MgMylMrouYmB2ddqmM+8c3swslaAl1EqqGBgpscVMXjLHkHmtHgRdFRX3L0Ij90PULUWmIZCRaEw3+R3hKF+pgsoVitraDYnkX0eh0PZEhLldo6ui1D7FIbxs54uitfq5D/1/UTKkKJnnOjwHh79acbU9rfx7+lIor8jOuj+Bd09JtHqCEVZR1FbhTbJTWG5GrjlWggoCGxizTVajDuORsBeo2wGgVQ2BANBZFuxsQsqAu6N38aiaCmYs995xeQ4y/o+98soSj/s5EaivfP51KyGvuenjVete5SdoToh15LsX8vDEo77WXkeNvF3mU7j+1NDVm6glMQvk+vfLfTU+uWYgkCo5/3+MzXN64ga7omGmvtdY7uMlFEd8aLo5ltKuwqpK4ZReDuH0STjkSW0ai1dFfEbrpu8LyK8KIur24G9bQhqiTuWo/jhcIJiExTLmeX3ymjoDWXVcyoT1jjWmwwHEG2z3BGptnoCHIUaaXsdkHfRffETUtrXYRHKN/JmFSfKFADjFRQ4uEEQfSTbVrfjZH65Dk1Ehmtu29v8nTeqLXAC+8SCTTpmGXNpHO2IjvXBxmSVx0V+4u6vLoqX9EUgJbaGlqaVCviMt6yiEUussiXjZ855Uf371PkuxeU49IEitzZz9e1XbQSf4H05CLCv+7eiYFdn48BOyI5R3t1EBkahsbuOru3Rzo7AT2Micp0kYORnNOYCPx/GLHwc7mFi/fZ7fXWLlqJGX89cgD8P+2y1AYdcUnml8D/5ZdibvscSjSzTGnViBwyKXce24gCkFJBPSU3vS/cTdszHoYrb3nsZePqK1URKCXVi0H+CtJKr1DpiBBAwlgY6RbrZ++sliL2jutG12tVw/w+isIhqiSEMkngx4im280jw+DgFKK4MNU0FIEXwYRmjacUIK110bx9ydHQKa9TKAWoTFaKSJlYXV6saMfv6ZpUOpJYhhSKyrF7eqv9sxsByxDbC/c4vaOOYtH1xdc+ibGHiAjcfWRcT5FTh65zKGxAfB9zH4vHQA69l88ZvKDSsckLD/a7wG53H3TOeBUpL24fVu+V6WQT5QLmexco3D5s0R1Ac6NVuDc376BWCVqWY04/sdEB/hZtHcmoXnQkDifE3h+IeW2DYuenkfaqEj5QeL3bSHehpgsH1+iuSXPVx1so7ba8rgVUQwnG/ZLkvaF2UgzznkFwXbDGvlIVjrMKg8A2xpj5625pFEfkp4hiibdFmLv4OEBpt34FpRt8zZc70kp5Ws0j1uxXjYOV/tpouylEvNeUpwsjJUfnXTdO9CVHQ6e8osiDQ3tAhhq6rkE5ufPwjiK8cs+QIXeL8Ev0OaH/By1dllJ105nttKJj1E13uZIw2GycYnsy2pBqGYeXb+2jw1AIeZIs7B5M+H68B1ydq7nslJc4pPnNunTybULUh8TZn/G/aVONJan2k3YU8uD21y3lm3WZ6WBMxLkTGNbWVOORbNEBfwv47Z/Fun+AvofhcBqKmNAfW+RqOcaeboHul2j9UtH6dQyz5jopb5xJUSnJCh8nre08r+V5me2ldqoFr+iW8moXUOdQQG0X4LmNr8SdXEjROM8YBBIHZRR+aImcdZvA7/EZa3uUfeAKtM4rIer02tupSpXmNmK0nTXOOIiDjdys5Tg/ZEWgJTMNZnR0QX3AcViyHAesOyjdlUAUNrJzj7u9i0/MT3LXByLnZpFP07er+NeBo662ZZsPoXINheuOfrLdPtPVKy13ZZzFxKYMOVqVOKKY/Y8JbTGjSh+zDGUSom5wWl1oxVZJmsBxcattOJtdpnk1RSUzDaagUI+DjqQjXfYoIRGawYSnHP2Esx0pKvagu0qk3rmNVKr/U1c/xqn4V5rK9RKzhlLX52kPOooPywtMnMFZZEwbIgXI2HHQEVp3HdjJxn7VmKwivH0exjxIWn2Ihoq7S/brrSK8dW6Er0/hbq3qQxyGvPvItcz6IvCfvGpFSMIByKqoodT1X9HeJ1F0g8FQIKq5w/g/NfZ+6VWm9RG6+Ri/PvEM+kNigyUY5b56xTqXwF02jrMnrLSLlbReQnsq9JTOhbJ0BcV1/HzRw55Ws2AUiPEYqUjRzTVYAZ7PZizzgT2zyGu1DQd5j99YJL4HwnXVQsPzC6ONa1J2cb+IVYgUheh4XE/PtK9V4es9mpUxXL2C0FcVK9NXuNsIRWXr8B//pdjDJo5188l7ySCMp7EXRfdeBKW7Mh5YDSJ+56LMl1rp1q+Bc8bE6TQm/eAdFEdiCfJ/uNZuDmADDn5W+Cobv2uHhNfr/q4GfXfQcaL+gGtSXDLEjVzxuHYGGbKuVdn5xzS6vMZw9UpSMmVIEx1r5SapfHL+3GjvhWzIxQaOlM+lpJjsliHEuHZkw3SbTIfitpOuscmHAq//6hUj3VUXXVaLsSm72M6evdjH759YtRVRrI6n12nv97hSxdE15cbEVRiD7kRgur77vqq/Na77qRm1ILFeq3EBN8HYj5MOf8l1LV+6xK8N/J9iPrBH0MXnDfzObjDgH8GetrD38r/Ji0KZM90J9Ae3C1un7l0GhZVJBPljzj56i6Z2btlaMqe+RK65nZMToXrknCMbGxgrPGcBFTO7fu835qIPxpUOcJy27PUentNv7KC4gn7Ug9JZxedpFJ/b5WdzNs8pUz4ZP40uPNSI7QfGpOPVXDiOgK5dz3bvhTUgKF0vbH5ddEHGGGdr3OeinOPEoU+znc4P52Xj8FuzwSM0BziZDtnmg6h+j6jzxGdoG5r3us4Ii4IzGhi6yZCzI3EHrcN+MpTztm7v7MuR6dUgMiT/5D7o7lvcOKcXjwPk7z3MM4rmq2h+eIwjC72kx//33pqKs5iPfcQ672Od9kIxyWv6DteOeEssBq0T02tgejzYogYcdWH67PULmjbvShEHG1e7vMRBl//D/gjjX/XB7x1t0K6C1vpNJ/5LvRxyQB6Fw0IOuDkgbm9Q3Oei3mEeGREVn8caLDJ/h6GHS/+RcSA0KD+yDX8X4IobAGroJzFuG9aR178Rd8kNwjthTOZ2aaxyOQdZB1lDOCbkwHVxIDQo18Xp8D19ccAyKjH8eyhzk7gkE+dp3oV/D8UJkg+YTj7Fv4eCK+PDfw+lr+0Pid9RDoQG5R3duB/DskUNBo3w09OoTQTpn79hTOG63jRqit3qKjdsueFyQg4MzYHQoAzNwnCCkAMhB0IOhBxgDvwftNquAnACqE4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=[/img][/b][/center] Portanto, Lucas gastará R$ 2.250,00. De forma geral, o valor gasto depende do número de dias [i]x[/i], podendo ser representado por:[center][img width=122,height=18]data:image/png;base64,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[/img] [/center] Essa expressão é denominada [b]lei de formação de uma função afim[/b].[br][br][b][u]Problema 2[/u][/b][br][br] Na entrada de um parque de diversões, há a seguinte informação:[br][center][br][/center][center][b]Taxa de entrada:[/b] R$ 10,00[br][b]Uso dos brinquedos:[/b] R$ 5,00 por hora [/center][justify] O valor total a pagar é composto por uma parte fixa (entrada) e uma parte variável (tempo de permanência). Assim, para uma pessoa que permanece [i]x [/i]horas no parque, o valor total é dado por:[/justify][center][img width=98,height=18]data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAHsAAAAXCAMAAAAcL8BsAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAIdQTFRFAAAAAAAAAAA6AABmADo6ADpmADqQAGa2OgAAOgA6Ojo6OjpmOjqQOmaQOma2OpC2OpDbZgAAZjoAZjo6ZmaQZpDbZrbbZrb/kDoAkDo6kDpmkGY6kLaQkNv/tmYAtmY6tpBmttv/tv//25A625Bm27Zm27aQ2////7Zm/9uQ/9u2//+2///bZjk4KwAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAAJcEhZcwAAEnQAABJ0Ad5mH3gAAAAZdEVYdFNvZnR3YXJlAE1pY3Jvc29mdCBPZmZpY2V/7TVxAAAByUlEQVRIS+1Wa1PCMBBsVKAqKIiPKFKFgm3a/P/f5yWXuyRDWh4z6IxjPpRC77J7e5srWfa/flsB/TleBxzKyercjJqFECMDouV9FYGpm5e94Jvl3pDugHY2qsqphTbXGPy6Z2eVC1gXh2F/zTFOQ6FjlrO8dDrXdBPKPoyVCJmpvEcVLcOHzYPAzbUcVo0koBa+ISNphT+88MOx1WTlKqyNTLVAXqXRzaLTVqAKaP+BWib6wOQ8dpSCz+O6AQdrLcwHdBmDeAdLCdZmCXEbUqxIiOHQPXac0oNtJDfYTmqCzPgG7t7vqLrChRVGH7vYXCq/zcUACYcpe7GRgRGd3MSeA14DPuaEHdsAt399zhqJVMKULMHTaY6ohO0d5usOm9yD7Vo2xfbaD7/S/SbNsZHtjJICzXN/sqjfqVow3+5TByk9mpPXENMbhu/axy2fdE9tV/TC7KBycw1TMLDD56U5XnzG2Dqkvn5bA40tGl31DLYCUnFORCkd2OSLYcVWC/qJc62EIC2FMzo7cbfsrJmD683rJk5JYOuFGb9XT/AIJpyY7A6zY+d5gs5RP0Vz8aT32FFwUbCdcbx+9P09G5z938HpuvzNzG/H3y61/+u7IwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==[/img][/center][b][u]Problema 3[/u][/b][br][br] Outra situação prática pode ser observada no uso de táxi. Em uma determinada cidade, a tarifa inicial (bandeirada) é de R$ 6,00, e o valor cobrado por quilômetro rodado é de R$ 2,50.[br] Se [i]x [/i]representa a distância percorrida (em quilômetros), o custo total da corrida é dado por:[br][br][center][img width=110,height=18]data:image/png;base64,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[/img][/center] Por exemplo, para uma corrida de 4 km:[br][br][center][img width=212,height=18]data:image/png;base64,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[/img][/center] Logo, o valor da corrida será R$ 16,00. Essa situação evidencia a presença de uma parte fixa e uma parte variável, característica das funções afins. [br] As funções apresentadas possuem a variável com expoente igual a 1 e são denominadas [b]funções afins[/b], sendo geralmente expressas na forma:[br][center][img width=90,height=18]data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAHEAAAAXCAMAAAALDVClAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAJBQTFRFAAAAAAAAAAA6AABmADpmADqQAGaQAGa2OgAAOgA6Ojo6OjqQOmaQOma2OpC2OpDbZgAAZgA6ZjqQZmaQZma2ZpCQZpDbZrbbZrb/kDoAkDpmkGY6kGZmkLaQkNv/tmYAtmY6tpA6tpBmtrZmttv/tv/btv//25A625Bm27Zm2////7Zm/9uQ/9u2//+2///bC3qC5gAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAAJcEhZcwAAEnQAABJ0Ad5mH3gAAAAZdEVYdFNvZnR3YXJlAE1pY3Jvc29mdCBPZmZpY2V/7TVxAAABpElEQVRIS+1V21LDIBCFtNporY13Y21TtZYmxPD/f+dm2Q0gvYxO+tKRJyawnNtChPgfp+PA10zKEcox7+O106WuVn2JLOTAO7jJRpWaImB+XfkY9eVzb5BWkh2K4U2OuN6oLxZ/hTS5zzY4usnPSJj2lRMbXvs1cIjY3DjqSsLAc02Oys1MgtRlglsOiCxTOZyPq7DGkgsR9eBzKYcUZZ2SfJpsFmDzhr7FRvtiVfIkdNt0Qc02RHX+uoJ+sUvaqgkm8wkfXHDiResFDt4v6hTMIJ46cTVbNBZQZDg+1cXIRzUZ6xei2BNk0eZOvvs1ImLXZMCNESm9XT27B9FWUqdH9gc5Ii12FeF/uJo6YR1i7CoRt7ZrryZ2FWlpaZuja5wu0OaudNeky9HvGDtHRNU2Nsz9mhgReTN55TUCcjAva2BRWj7OgRgRXK3Kh2xa34c1dqfvqskHK/PGQC4oygW7SlKz7r2POk0eoUsmVcva1cSI9e0HXFx6pF3jgNF9vjmxJ/TFxdga0eO7uhMR7xSPI/47OoyM3SXzj/V/3Kn4FBe+AT7eLEb7AXnaAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC[/img][/center][br][br][br][br][br][br][br]