Given [math]p[/math] equally spaced points on a circle and a step [math]q\in\mathbb{N}[/math] a [i][color=#1e84cc]regular star polygon[/color][/i] [math]\{p/q\}[/math] is obtained by connecting each of the [math]p[/math] points to the point that is [math]q[/math] steps ahead in the cyclic ordering, when [math]p[/math] and [math]q[/math] are coprime.[br][br]The notation [math]\{p/q\}[/math] was introduced by the Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli in the first half of the 19th century.[br][br]Regular polygons can be seen as the special case [math]\{p/1\}[/math] of regular star polygons. [br]
[u]Similarity Property[/u] [br]When [math]p[/math] and [math]q[/math] are coprime, hence a regular star polygon is generated, the intersection points of consecutive edges form a new regular [math]p[/math]-gon, that is similar to the initial regular [math]p[/math]-gon, and concentric with it.[br][br][u]Angles Measure Property[/u][br]When [math]p[/math] and [math]q[/math] are coprime, hence a regular star polygon is generated, each interior (vertex) angle measures [math]\theta=\pi-\frac{2\pi q}{p}[/math].[br][br]Interact with the app below to generate the inner [math]p[/math]-gons and view the measure of the interior angles.[br]
The star pentagon [math]\{5/2\}[/math] is the first regular star polygon whose sum of interior (vertex) angles is [math]\pi[/math].[br]Can you find more star polygons having this property?[br]What is their common characteristic?[br][br]Hint: do other regular star polygons exist? [br]Repeat your exploration considering e.g. the star polygons with 11 vertices.
Following Thomas Bradwardine (1290-1349) notation, we call the [i]order [/i]of a star polygon the number of its vertices.[br][br]The sum of the interior angles of the first regular star polygon of each order is always equal to two right angles (that is, [math]\pi[/math]), and for the other star polygons of the same order, the sum increases by two right angles from one polygon to the next.