01 Vertical Translation

Instructions
Move the slider for a in the applet and answer the following questions based on your observations.
y = x² + a
Question 1.1
How do we obtain the graph of y = x² + 2 from the graph of y = x²?
Question 1.2
How do we obtain the graph of y = x² - 3 from the graph of y = x²?
Question 1.3
The equation y = x² + a can be seen as replacing the variable y in the equation y = x² by the variable _____.
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Information: 01 Vertical Translation