Intuitively, the
curvature is the amount by which a
curve deviates from being a
straight line.
For curves, the canonical example is that of a
circle, which has a curvature equal to the
reciprocal of its
radius. Smaller circles bend more sharply, and hence have higher curvature. The curvature
at a point of a
differentiable curve, is the curvature of its
osculating circle, that is the circle that best approximates the curve near this point. The curvature of a straight line is zero.
Cykloida jako trajektorie při odvalování kružnice po přímce.
Průběh křivosti je znázorněn stopou zelených bodů na normále sestrojených ve vzdálenosti k.